Gyrating-cam engine, particularly as a hydraulic engine

ABSTRACT

Gyrating-Cam engine, particularly as a hydraulic engine according to the invention is provided with planet gears 1, number of which is equal to the sum of the number of lobes of outer cam 3 and of inner cam 2, whereby the planet gears 1 are arranged between the concentrically displaced cams 2 and 3, races of which are toothed. In the inner cam 2 consisting of the smaller number of lobes in the half way of the lift of lobes there are placed passages 7 and 8 being the means through which the liquid is supplied to and forced out of the engine&#39;&#39;s chambers. Both cams are provided with the equal number of teeth on cam lobes, whereby said number of teeth is preferably by one to two teeth more than number of teeth of planet gears 1.

Sieniawski [111 3,852,002 [451 Dec. 3, 1974 GYRATlNG-CAM ENGINE,

PARTICULARLY AS A HYDRAULIC ENGINE [75] Inventor: Bohdan Sieniawski, Gdansk-Oliwa,

Poland [73] Assignee: Zaklady Urzadzen Okretowych Hydroster, Gdansk, Poland 22 Filed: Nov.28, 1972 v [2.1 Appl. No.: 310,077

[30] 1 Foreign Application Priority Data Dirnberger 418/l6l Hartmann 4l8/16l Primary Examiner-John J. Vrablik Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Waters, Roditi, Schwartz & Nissen 57 ABSTRACT Gyrating-Cam engine, particularly as a hydraulic engine according to the invention is provided with planet gears 1, number of which is equal to the sum of the number of lobes of outer cam 3 and of inner cam 2, tl i ansts efi. 3; 2051 5 9 mtwsen concentrically displaced cams 2 and 3, races of which are toothed. In the inner cam 2 consisting of the smaller number of lobes in the half way of the lift of lobes there are placed passages 7 and 8 being the means through which the liquid is supplied to and forced out of the engines chambers. Both cams are provided with the equal number of teeth on cam lobes, whereby said number of teeth is preferably by. one to two teeth more than number of teeth of planet gears l.

3 Claims, 3' Drawing Figures v. PATENIELHEB .352002 SHEEI 10F 2 GYlRATlNG-CAM ENGINE, PARTICULARLY AS A HYDRAULIC ENGINE The subject of the present invention is a gyrating-cam engine, designed particularly as a hydraulic engine of multiple power cycles per single revolution, said engine having radial cams and being intended as a power source for mechanisms requiring large torque, these mechanisms including particularly road wheels of vehi cles and hoisting drums.

In the known gyrating-cam engines'theengine housing froms an outer cam in which an inner cam is installed this inner cam forming the engine rotor and having one lobe less than the outer cam.

The liquid supplied simultaneously to several chambers formed by the lobes of outer and inner cams at one side of the rotor, and then to several chambers at the other side, forces in sequence the lobes of inner rotorcam to enter the spaces of outer cam.

This alternating supply of liquid, controlled by means of a distributor, produces a gyrating-rotary motion.

The gyrating-rotary motion of the rotor is then resolved into the rotary motion by application of additional means, e.g., an articulated drive shaft.

The shortcoming of these engines is the gyratingrotary motion of the rotor, this motion requiring application of additional means for resolving of this motion into the rotary motion concentric with the outer cam. Supplying of several chambers with liquid at one side of the rotor and'alternatively of several chambers at the other side requires application of a complex distributor.

The force which forces the lobes of inner cam to enter the spaces of outer cam causes a unilateral distortion of cams.

Distortion of cams impairs the sealing between the chambers and requires application of a rigid housing thus affecting the size of the engine.

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the gyrating-rotary motion of theinner rotor-cam, the complex distributor, and a unilateral force causing distortion of cams and impairing the sealing between chambers formed by the cams.

This aim has been attained by application of planet gears between the toothed races of concentric inner and outer cams and by supplying the liquid through passages drilled in the inner cam, the outlets of these passages being situated half way of the lobe lift.

The number of teeth on a single lobe is equal both for the inner and outer cam, and for a hydraulic engine it is advisable if this number is by one or ,two teeth more than the number of teeth of the jointly operating planet gear.

The planet gears running between the toothed cams allow that the concentricity of the cams can be obtained. thus eliminating the gyrating-rotary motion and gine cams can be greatly balanced and allows that high pressures can be applied even if the dimensions of engine elements aresmall.

The liquid pressure produced in the chambers betweenthe lobes of outer and inner cams presses the teeth of planet gears against the teeth of cams thus ensuring a good sealing of the chambers. The teeth of planet gears adhere to the flanks of teeth of outer and inner cam irrespective of distortion of the cams.

An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing in which FIG. 1 and FIG 2 are a schematic presentation of the engine operation principle, and FIG. 3 illustrates the engine in a half-section in a plane perpendicular to the face of cams.

Planet gears 1 running between an inner cam 2 and an outer cam 3 are forming draw-forcing chambers 4, 5, and 6.

The flow of liquid through passage 7 to chambers 5 causes that the volume of the said chambers increase and that the outer cam 3 rotates.

The rotary motion of cam 3 causes that the volume of chambers 4 decreases and that the liquid becomes forced out of these chambers through a passage 8.

At the moment when two planet gears I assume a position symmetrical in relationto the centre line of lobes of both cams 2 and 3 a natural chamber 6 is formed, said chamber having at that'moment the smallest volume.

- at the beginning of the lobe of the inner cam. As soon' On the other hand, at the moment when two planet gears 1 assume a position symmetrical in relation to the spaces of both cams 2 and 3 a natural chamber 9 is formed, said chamber having at that time the largest volume.

During the rotary motion of cam 3 in relation to fixed cam 2 the number of positions of planet gears 1 forming natural chambers 6or 9 is equal to the product of the number of lobes of both cams 2 and 3. i i

The planet gears l of the engine are rolling on and between the toothed inner cam 2 and the toothed outer cam 3, said cams being concentric.

Bolted together with the outer cam 3 by means of bolts 10 are disks 11 and 12. I

The disks 11 and 12 are rotatably mounted on the axle of the inner cam 2 in bearing sleeves 13 and 14.

Pressed by the liquid pressure against the outer cam 3, inner cam 2, and the faces of planet gears 1 are compensation disks 15 and 16, said pressure being hydrostatically balanced.

A collector pipe 18 screwed into the axle of the cam 2 exerts pressure on flange 17 thus fixing the said flange on the axis of the inner cam 2.

Drilled in collector pipe 18 are passages Sand 7 through which the liquid is supplied to and forced out of the working chambers formed between planet gears l.

The rotar'y part of the engine comprises the outer cam 3 with covering disks 11 and 13, and a coupling 19 being mounted on this part, said coupling serving as the engine power take off.

The flange 17 fixed on the axle of inner cam 2 serves as a fixing element for the stationary part of the engine.

In operation, a turn made by the outer cam of substantially 525, causes the planet gear to cover half of itsway and attain the half value of the lobe rise. Before the cam made this turn, the planet gear was at a point as the outer cam turns by a further 52.5 the planet gear covers the way of another half rise of the lobe, and attains the crown or top of the lobe of the inner cam, while leaving entirely the lobe of the outer cam. The profiles of the lobes are developed so that when the planet gear becomes engaged by the lobe of the inner cam, the lobe of the outer cam engages the planet gear. Obtaining such a profile is possible, if the number of teeth on the-perimeter of the planet gear, is smaller than the number of teeth on lobes of the inner and outer cams. The difference is preferably two teeth.

What we claim is:

l. A gyrating-cam hydraulic engine, comprising an outer cam, an inner cam mounted concentrically within said outer cam and forming a space therebetween and rotating toothed planet gears mounted between and in engagement with said cams and separating said space into working chambers, said inner and outer cams having toothed lobes, said inner cam having three lobes and said outer cam having a number of lobes exceeding the number of lobes of said inner cam by at least one, one of said cams being stationary and the other of said cams being rotatable.

2. A gyrating-cam engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said inner cam has ducts drilled half-way of the lobe rise, said ducts delivering liquid to the working chambers of said engine, and discharging this liquid from the said chambers.

3. A gyrating-cam engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of teeth on one lift of a lobe is the same on the outer cam and on the inner cam, the number of teeth on one lift of a lobe being at least one tooth greater than the number of teeth on one rotating toothed planet gear. 

1. A gyrating-cam hydraulic engine, comprising an outer cam, an inner cam mounted concentrically within said outer cam and forming a space therebetween and rotating toothed planet gears mounted between and in engagement with said cams and separating said space into working chambers, said inner and outer cams having toothed lobes, said inner cam having three lobes and said outer cam having a number of lobes exceeding the number of lobes of said inner cam by at least one, one of said cams being stationary and the other of said cams being rotatable.
 2. A gyrating-cam engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said inner cam has ducts drilled half-way of the lobe rise, said ducts delivering liquid to the working chambers of said engine, and discharging this liquid from the said chambers.
 3. A gyrating-cam engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of teeth on one lift of a lobe is the same on the outer cam and on the inner cam, the number of teeth on one lift of a lobe being at least one tooth greater than the number of teeth on one rotating toothed planet gear. 